MATSALOLIN MA AURATA

JAGORAN AHLUSSUNNAH

*JAGORAN AHLUSSUNNAH*
📚 Dr. Mansur Sokoto

*Majlisi na 20-21*

*Ka'ida ta Goma Sha Bakwai:*
*Umurnin Manzon Allah ba a Jiran Sai Wani ya yi Aiki da Shi Sannan a Karbe Shi.*
Wannan ka'ida tana da saukin fahimta idan mutum ya san daraja da matsayin Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ wanda shi ne aka aiko shi don ya zama abin koyi ga mutane, wanda kuma bin maganarsa da aikinsa hujja ce da za ta wajabta ma mutum shiga aljanna, sannan shi kadai ne wanda saba masa zai wajabta saba ma Allah. Sanin wannan na sa mutum ya fahimci wannan ka'ida da muka fada a sama. Allah Ta'ala yana cewa:
قُلْ أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ مَا حُمِّلَ وَعَلَيْكُمْ مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ وَإِنْ تُطِيعُوهُ تَهْتَدُوا وَمَا عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ
"Ka ce: ku bi Allah, kuma ku bi Manzo. Idan kuwa suka juya, to, (ka ce masu): abinda aka dora masa yana nan a kan sa, kuma abinda aka dora maku yana a kan ku. Kuma idan kun bi shi za ku shiriya. Kuma babu wani abu a kan Manzo sai isarwa bayyananniya".
Kuma Allah ya ce:
إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ شَاهِدًا وَمُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا * لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتُعَزِّرُوهُ وَتُوَقِّرُوهُ وَتُسَبِّحُوهُ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا
"Hakika, mu muka aike ka a matsayin mai yin shaida, kuma mai ba da albishir, kuma mai gargadi. Domin ku yi imani da Allah da Manzonsa, kuma ku karfafe shi (Manzo), kuma ku darajanta shi, kuma ku tsarkake shi (Allah) a safiya da marece".
Shaihun Musulunci Ibnu Taimiyyah _rahimahullahu_ yana cewa:
Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'a suna sanya Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ a matsayin jagora na karshe wanda suke koyi da shi a cikin komai, suke soyayya da wanda ya so shi, suke kiyayya da wanda ya ki shi. Suna kuma sanya littafin Allah a matsayin maganar da suke karba gaba daya, suke gaskata labarinsa gaba daya, suke bin umurinsa gaba daya. Suna daukar mafificiyar shiriya da tafarki da tsare tsare su ne na Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_.[i]

Ibnu Rajab Al-Hambali _rahimahullah_ kuma cewa ya yi:
Abinda yake wajibi ga duk wanda umurnin Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ ya same shi kuma ya san shi, ya bayyana ma al'umma shi, don yin nasiha a gare su, ya umurce su da bin umurninsa ko da kuwa umurnin nasa ya saba ma ra'ayin wani babba a wurin al'umma. Domin umurnin Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ ya fi cancantar bi da girmamawa fiye da umurnin wani maigirma da zai iya saba umurnin Annabi _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ bisa kuskure.[ii]

Daga cikin rassan wannan ka'idar akwai:

*Ka'ida Sha Takwas:*
*Duk Wanda ya Saba ma Manzon Allah a Maganarsa, Tasa Ake Ajiyewa a Dauki ta Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_.*
Tabbataccen abu ne cewa, shiriyar Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ tana gaba da ta kowa. Sa'annan Sunnar Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ hujja ce mai zaman kanta ba sai ta rabu ga wata Mazhaba ko wani Malami ko ma wani Sahabi ba. Duk wanda ta isa wurin sa, wajibinsa ne ya yi aiki da ita kamar ya ji ta kai tsaye daga bakin Manzo _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_. Wannan kuwa magana ce da aka daddale ta tuntuni. Imam As-Shaukani ya ce:
Tabbatuwar Sunnah a matsayin hujja mai zaman kanta a wajen sanya doka lalura ce ta addini. Babu mai yin sabani a cikin wannan sai wanda ba shi da rabo a cikin addinin Musulunci.[iii]
Ibn Al-Qayyim _rahimahullah_ shi kuma ya ce:
Ahlussunnah suna barin maganar mutane saboda Sunnah, 'yan Bidi'a kuwa suna barin Sunnah saboda maganar mutane.[iv]
Shaihun Musulunci ya ce:
Babu wanda yake da hakkin ayi masa biyayya a sabanin Sunnar Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ ko da kuwa yana cikin manyan shaihunan addini da jagororin Musulmi.[v]
Wannan kuwa ba tozarci ba ne ko kadan ga wanda aka mayar da maganarsa, musamman in muka yi la'akari da cewa, shi ma ya san gaba da gabanta, kuma ya bayyana haka. Kaddara ma, daukar maganar Annabi _sallallahu alaihi wasallam_ a bar ta wani shaihi ko shugaba ko limamin addini ko jagoran mazhaba ya zama kuskurantarwa ga shi wannan shaihin ko shugaban, to, yin kuskure ga dan Adam ba aibi ne ba.
Shaihun Musulunci yana cewa:
"Babbar manufa ita ce, a san dalili ingantacce, ko da kuwa wanda ya saba ma dalilin yana da wani uzuri karbabbe saboda ijtihadinsa. Kai, yana ma iya zama babban mutum mai matsayi a addini. Ai ba dole ne wanda yake da babban matsayi a cikin addini duk maganarsa ta zama daidai ba, ko kuma duk aikinsa ya zama Sunnah ne ba. Da lamarin ya zama haka da ya yi tarayyar matsayin manzanci da Manzon Allah _sallallahu alaihi wasallam._[vi]
Haka shi ma babban Malami Ibnul Qayyim, ga abinda yake cewa:
Duk wanda ya san Shari'a da tarihi ya san cewa, tabbas, akan samu mutum mai daraja da babban matsayi a addini, yana da ayyukan kwarai da aka sani, amma ya samu wani dan tuntube ko wani santsi ya kwashe shi, wanda Allah ya yi masa uzuri a kai. Kai, ya ma ba shi lada saboda ijtihadinsa. Amma fa ba shi halalta duk da haka a bi shi bisa wancan kuskuren, kamar yadda bai dacewa a ci mutuncinsa ko a kalubalanci babban matsayin da Allah ya ba shi a cikin zukatan Musulmi.[vii]
Irin dai wannan maganar, ita ce Sarkin Malaman tabi'ai - Sa'id bn Al-Musayyib ya fada. Ya ce:
"Babu wani mai daraja ko malami ko mai sarauta face yana da wani aibi, dole. Amma a cikin mutane akwai wadanda ba a fadin aibinsu. Duk wanda darajarsa ta wuce kasawarsa, sai a kyautar da kasawar tasa ga darajarsa.[viii]
Shi ma fitaccen malamin Usul Al-Fikh Al-Imam As-Shadibi abinda ya ce kenan:
"Lallai, tuntuben malami ba a daukar sa a bangare daya. Kamar yadda a daya bangare ba shi dacewa a jingina masa kasawa, ko a aibata shi a kan sa. Ba kuma za a dauka cewa, ya yi da gangan ba, domin matsayinsa a addini ya wuce haka.[ix]

*MANAZARTA:*
[i] Jami'ul Masa'il na Ibnu Taimiyyah (7/477).

[ii] Al-Hikam Al-Jadirah bil Idha'ah Min Kaulin Nabiyyi sallallahu alaihi wasallam "Bu'ithtu Baina Yadai As-Sa'ah", shafi na 34.

[iii] Irshad Al-Fuhul (1/189).

[iv] As-Sawa'ik Al-Mursala (4/1603).

[v] Jami' Al-Masa'il (7/222).

[vi] Iqtida' As-Sirad Al-Mustaqim, na Ibnu Taimiyyah, shafi na 282.

[vii] I'lam Al-Muwaqqi'in an Rabb Al-Alamin, na Ibn Al-Qayyim, (3/259).

[viii] Adab Ad-Dunya wa Ad-Din, na Mawardi, shafi na 70.

[ix] Al-Muwafakat, na Imam As-Shadibi (4/171).