San Marino is the fifth-smallest nation in the world and a European micro-state in Southern Europe that is enclaved by Italy. Its formal name is the Republic of San Marino, although it is sometimes known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino. San Marino, with a geographical area of slightly over 24 sq miles and a population of 33,562, is a country situated on the northeastern edge of the Apennine Mountains.
Despite being a landlocked nation, Rimini, an Italian city on the Adriatic coast, lies just 6.2 miles from San Marino's northeastern tip. The largest town in the country is Dogana, which is a part of Serravalle, the largest municipality, and the City of San Marino, which is perched atop Monte Titano. Italian is used as the national tongue of San Marino.
San Marino's constitution is unique in that it requires the Grand and General Council, the democratically elected legislature, to choose two new presidents of state every six months. The two heads of state, known as captains regent, have equal authority until their terms, which are six months long, end. They both occupy office simultaneously.
The financial, industrial, service, retail, and tourism sectors are the main drivers of the nation's economy. In terms of GDP per capita, it is one of the richest nations in the world, with a level similar to the most developed European areas. Its Human Development Index score is the lowest in Western Europe despite this, placing it at 44th overall.
