Surah's In Qur'an The Lesson's And Hadith's

30: (Al-Rum)- The Romans

Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ir-Rahim.

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. All the praises and thanks be to Allâh, the Lord of the 'Alamîn . The Only Owner of the Day of Recompense. You (Alone) we worship, and You (Alone) we ask for help. Guide us to the Straight Way. The Way of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace , not (the way) of those who earned Your Anger, nor of those who went astray .

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30: (Al-Rum')- The Romans

(The Romans)

Chapter 30

Which was revealed in Makkah

Ar-Rūm (: الْرُّوم, 'The Romans') is the 30th chapter () of the . It consists of 60 verses (). The term originated in the word "Romans" and in the time of Muhammad referred to the (), hence the title is sometimes also translated as "The Greeks" or "The Byzantines".

Sūra al-Rūm (Arabic: سورة الروم) is the thirtieth and a of the in its twenty first . Its appellation as "al-Rum" (Rome) is because it predicted the defeat of Romans from Persian and then in a near future the defeat of Persians from Romans. The word, "al-Rum", appears at the beginning of the sura after the (al-huruf al-muqatta'a).

Sura al-Rum talks about the promise of divine victory and the journey in the world and in one's self or soul. It also explains some legislative (tashri'i) and existential (takwini) laws, such as , innate love and mercy within human beings, helping those in need, and prohibition of .

The surah begins by noting the recent defeat of the Byzantines by the Persians at the . This defeat posed a significant theological and sociological problem for the early Muslim community because the Byzantines were Christians and considered while the state that defeated them were considered because the official religion was . The surah is in part a response to the , who took this victory as a sign that the would win out over monotheism. In the third and fourth ayatayn, the Muslim community is promised that the Byzantines will reverse their defeat into a victory "in a few years' time".

"The Romans were vanquished in the closer region, and they, after being vanquished, will prevail within a certain number of years. To God belongs the command before and after. And that Day ones who believe will be glad with the help of God. He helps whom He wills. And He is The Almighty, The Compassionate."[ ( by )]

Muslims believe this prophecy was fulfilled with , the Roman victory over Persians and cite it as an example of the miraculous nature of the Quran.

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Benefits

This Surah was revealed in Makkah and it has 60 ayaat. The Holy Prophet (S) said that the reward for reciting this Surah is equal to ten times the number of angels between the heavens and the earth who praise Allah (S.w.T.) constantly. It is not advisable to keep this Surah as a talisman (written) in the house.

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Virtues

Imam Sadiq (as) in a tradition said:

"Whoever recites Suras Al-'Ankabut and Ar-Room in the month of Ramadan at the twenty third night, by Allah he will be admitted in Paradise, and I do not consider any exception in this word...(with the condition that he fulfils his religious duties). These two Suras have an important situation with Allah."