Surah's In Qur'an The Lesson's And Hadith's

112: (Al-Ikhlas)- Oneness

Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ir-Rahim.

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. All the praises and thanks be to Allâh, the Lord of the 'Alamîn . The Only Owner of the Day of Recompense. You (Alone) we worship, and You (Alone) we ask for help. Guide us to the Straight Way. The Way of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace , not (the way) of those who earned Your Anger, nor of those who went astray .

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112: (Al-Ikhlas)- Oneness 

(Monotheism)

Number of Verses: 4

Sūra al-Ikhlāṣ (Arabic: سورة الإخلاص) or al-Tawḥīd (Arabic: التوحيد) is 112th sura of the quran. It is a makki  sura located in thirty juz. This sura is called al-Tawhid or al-Ikhlas because it speaks about the unity of god and releases human being from polytheism.

The content of Sura al-Ikhlas is about unity of God and His needlessness of anything and the need of all beings to Him. Many merits are mentioned for Sura al-Ikhlas, including that it is equal to one third of the Qur'an and three times recitation of it equals to a complete recitation of the Qur'an. Its recitation in daily prayers is emphasized in hadiths. In a hadith, the noble prophet (s) likened Imam ali (a) to Sura al-Ikhlas and said that the same way three times recitation of Sura al-Ikhlas equals to complete recitation of the Qur'an, loving Imam Ali (a) by the tongue, heart, and hand (in practice) is loving islam.

This Surah, as its name indicates, is about the Unity of Allah, and His Oneness. In its four verses, the Surah describes monotheism completely.

On the occasion of revelation of this Surah, a tradition from Imam Sadiq (as) says:

"A Jew asked the holy Prophet (S) to describe the identity or to relate the geneology of Allah. He remained silent and gave no answer for three days, then, the Messenger Angel brought (him) this Surah and he (S) gave them their answer."

Some other narrations denote that the Jew who asked this question was, Abdullah ibn Suriya, one of the known chiefs of the Jews. Another narration says that 'Abdullah ibn Salam asked this question from the holy Prophet (S), in Mecca, and believed (in Islam). But, he kept his faith concealed.

Another narration says that the pagans of Mecca asked such a question.

In some narrations it is also said that the Christians of Najran asked the question.

There is no contradiction in these narrations because the question may have been asked by all of them, separately, which is, itself, an evidence to the extraordinary importance of this Surah, which answers the questions of different persons from various groups.

On the virtue of reciting this Surah, numerous narrations from the holy Prophet (S) and Ahlul-Bait (as) are cited in Islamic sources which refer to the extraordinary greatness of the Surah. The author of Atyab-ul-Bayan Commentary, collected 25 of them.

The holy Prophet (S) is narrated to have said in a tradition:

"Is there anyone of you unable to recite one third of the Qur'an in one night"?

One of his listeners asked:

"O Messenger of Allah! Who is able to do that"?

The Prophet (S) said:

"Recite

'Say: He, Allah, is One! (Surah Ikhlas)".