Grade 11 Modules 2021-2022 ABM

Oral comm (3)

Oral Communication

Three Basic Listening Modes

1. competitive or combative listening when we are more interested in promoting our own point of view than in understanding other's view.

2. passive or attentive listening when we listen but we don't understand what the speaker says.

3. active or reflective listening when we are genuinely interested in understanding and listening what the other person is saying, thinking, feeling, and etc.

a. mindful attention.
b. an appreciative mindset open to the person you're speaking with.
c. a willingness to meta-communicate

Communicative Styles:
1. assertive - honest and direct communication.

2. aggressive - refers to the characteristics of people who always want to win; they think they are more important than others.

3. passive-aggressive - people who passive on the outside but internally, they are burning with anger; often feel powerless and resentful.

4. submissive - pleasing others inorder to avoid confrontation.

5. manipulative - characterized by scheming, calculating, and shrewdness; experts at influencing or controlling other people for their selfish gains.

Speech Context:
1. intrapersonal - it when you talk to yourself.

a. internal discourse - thinking, concentrating, analysis

b. solo vocal communication - speaking aloud to oneself

c. solo written communication - writing one's thoughts or observations with no intention of having somebody read what he writes.

2. interpersonal - communucation between two or more people; may be:

• personal - communication between you and people you know well.
• impersonal - talking to acquaintances.
• formal - way of speaking
• informal - way of speaking direct, face to face
• indirect - using medium

3. public speaker and audience.

4. mass sending a message to a very large audience.

Speech Style:

1. intimate - does not longer sentence.

2. casual - informal

3. consultative - semi-formal; communicating with function.

4. formal - the words used are planned

5. frozen - remains unchanged like pledge, anthem, court trial, prayer, and etc.

Speech Act:

Speech Act is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect.

Types of Speech Act (J.L. Austin, 1962)

1. Locutionary refers to saying something with a certain meaning; it is "what is said".

2. Illocutionary refers to the performance of an act in saying something; it is "what is done in uttering the words".

3. Perlocutionary refers to the effect on the feelings, thoughts, or actions of the listener or speaker; it is "what is the effect in uttering the words".

Classification of Speech Acts (J.R. Searle, 1969):

1. Assertives or Representatives - statements that maybe judged true or false because they aim to describe something.